Sleep Medicine Reviews
Volume 8, Issue 5 , Pages 379-402 , October 2004

Sleep in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a review of naturalistic and stimulant intervention studies

  • Mairav Cohen-Zion

      Affiliations

    • San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
    • Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
    • Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS), Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 116A, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
    • Tel.: +1-858-552-8585x6791; fax: +1-858-552-7536.
  • ,
  • Sonia Ancoli-Israel

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
    • Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS), Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 116A, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Present address: Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS), Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 116A, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA. Tel.: +1-858-642-3828; fax: +1-858-552-7536

References 

  1. American*The most important references are denoted by an asterisk. Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed.. Text revision: DSM-IV-TR. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000;
  2. National Institutes of Health . Diagnosis and treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). NIH Consens Statement. 1998;16:1–42
  3. Perrin JM, Stein MT, Amler RW, Blondis TA, Feldman HM, Meyer BP, et al. Committee on quality improvement. Subcommittee on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Clinical practice guideline: treatment of the school-age child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics. 2001;108:1033–1044
  4. Levy F, Hay D, McStephen M, Wood C, Waldman I. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; a category or continuum? Genetic analysis of a large-scale twin study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36:737–744
  5. Kutcher S, Aman M, Brooks SJ, Buitelaar J, van Daalen E, Fegert J, et al. International consensus statement on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and disruptive behaviour disorders (DBDs): clinical implications and treatment practice suggestions. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2004;14:11–28
  6. Wigal T, Swanson JM, Regino R, Lerner MA, Soliman I, Steinoff K, et al. Stimulant medications for the treatment of ADHD: efficacy and limitations. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev. 1999;5:215–224
  7. The MTA Cooperative Group. Moderators and mediators of treatment response with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the multimodal treatment study of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999; 56: 1088–1096.
  8. Goldman LS, Genel M, Bezman RJ, Slantez PJ. Diagnosis and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. J Am Med Assoc. 1998;279:1100–1107
  9. Small A, Hibi S, Feinberg I. Effects of dextroamphetamine sulfate on EEG sleep patterns of hyperactive children. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1971;25:369–380
  10. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-III. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1980;
  11. Lecendreux M, Konofal E. Sleep and vigilance in hyperactive children. Rev Pract. 2002;52:2002–2004
  12. Konofal E, Lecendreux M, Mouren-Simeoni MC. Sleep in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a restatement on sleep studies. Ann Med Psychol. 2002;160:105–117
  13. Stanley N. Actigraphy in human psychopharmacology: a review. Hum Psychopharmacol—Clin Exp. 2003;18:39–49
  14. Corkum P, Tannock R, Moldofsky H. Sleep disturbances in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998;37:637–646
  15. Porrino LJ, Rapoport JL, Behar D, Ismond DR, Bunney WE. A naturalistic assessment of the motor activity of hyperactive boys. II. Stimulant drug effects. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1983;40:688–693
  16. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-I. 1952;
  17. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-II. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1980;
  18. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-III-R. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1987;
  19. Chervin RD, Archbold KH, Dillon JE, Panahi P, Pituch KJ, Dahl RE, et al. Inattention, hyperactivity, and symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing. Pediatrics. 2002;109:449–456
  20. Chervin RD, Archbold KH, Dillon JE, Pituch KJ, Panahi P, Dahl RE, et al. Associations between symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, restless legs, and periodic leg movements. Sleep. 2002;25:213–218
  21. Chervin RD, Archbold KH. Hyperactivity and polysomnographic findings in children evaluated for sleep-disordered breathing. Sleep. 2001;24:313–320
  22. Owens JA, Maxim R, Nobile C, Mcguinn M, Msall . Parental and self-report of sleep in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154:549–555
  23. O'Brien LM, Holbrook CR, Mervis CB, Klaus CJ, Bruner JL, Raffield TJ, et al. Sleep and neurobehavioral characteristics of 5-to 7-year-old children with parentally reported symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics. 2003;111:554–563
  24. O'Brien LM, Ivanenko A, Crabtree VM, Holbrook CR, Brunner JL, Klaus CJ, et al. Sleep disturbances in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatr Res. 2003;54:237–243
  25. Kaplan BJ, McNicol J, Conte RA, Moghadam HK. Sleep disturbances in preschool-aged hyperactive and non-hyperactive children. Pediatrics. 1987;80:839–844
  26. Corkum P, Moldofsky H, Hogg-Johnson S, Humphries T, Tannock R. Sleep problems in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: impact of subtype, comorbidity, and stimulant medication. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat. 1999;38:1285–1293
  27. Picchietti DL, England SJ, Walters AS, Willis K, Verrico T. Periodic limb movement disorder and restless legs syndrome in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Child Neurol. 1998;13:588–594
  28. Mick E, Biederman J, Jetton J, Faraone SV. Sleep disturbances associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: the impact of psychiatric comorbidity and pharmacotherapy. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2000;10:223–231
  29. Ball JD, Tiernan M, Janusz J, Furr A. Sleep patterns among children with attention-deficit disorder: a reexamination of parent perceptions. J Pediatr Psychol. 1997;22:389–398
  30. Corkum P, Tannock R, Moldofsky H, Hogg-Johnson S, Humphries T. Actigraphy and parental ratings of sleep in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Sleep. 2001;24:303–312
  31. Marcotte AC, Thacher PV, Butters M, Bortz J, Acebo C, Carskadon MA. Parental report of sleep problems in children with attentional and learning disorders. Dev Behav Pediatrics. 1998;19:178–186
  32. Chervin RD, Dillon JE, Bassetti C, Ganoczy DA, Pituch KJ. Symptoms of sleep disorders, inattention, and hyperactivity in children. Sleep. 1997;20:1185–1192
  33. O'Brien LM, Ivanenko A, Crabtree VM, Holbrook CR, Bruner JL, Klaus CJ, et al. The effect of stimulants on sleep characteristics in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Sleep Med. 2003;4:309–316
  34. Crabtree VM, Ivanenko A, O'Brien LM, Gozal D. Periodic limb movement disorder of sleep in children. J Sleep Res. 2003;12:73–81
  35. Dagan Y, Zeevi-Luria S, Sever Y, Hallis D, Yovel I, Sadeh A, et al. Sleep quality in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: an actigraphic study. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1997;51:383–386
  36. Gruber R, Sadeh A, Raviv A. Instability of sleep patterns in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000;39:495–501
  37. Konofal E, Lecendreux M, Bouvard MP, Mouren-Simeoni MC. High levels of nocturnal activity in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a video analysis. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2001;55:97–103
  38. Busby K, Firestone P, Pivik RT. Sleep patterns in hyperkinetic and normal children. Sleep. 1981;4:366–383
  39. Lecendreux M, Konofal E, Bouvard M, Falissard B, Mouren-Siméoni M. Sleep and alertness in children with ADHD. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2000;41:803–812
  40. Golan N, Shahar E, Ravid S, Pillar G. Sleep disorders and daytime sleepiness in children with attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder. Sleep. 2004;27:261–266
  41. Picchietti DL, Underwood DJ, Farris WA, Walters AS, Shah MM, Dahl RE, et al. Further studies on periodic limb movement disorder and restless legs syndrome in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Mov Disord. 1999;14:1000–1007
  42. Ramos Platon MJ, Vela BA, Espinar SJ, Kales S. Hypnopolygraphic alterations in attention deficit disorder (ADD) children. Int J Neurosci. 1990;53:87–101
  43. Greenhill L, Puig-Antich J, Goetz R, Hanlon C, Davies M. Sleep architecture and REM sleep measures in prepubertal children with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. Sleep. 1983;6:91–101
  44. Kirov R, Kinkelbur J, Heipke S, Kostanecka-Endress T, Westhoff M, Cohrs S, et al. Is there a specific polysomnographic sleep pattern in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder?. J Sleep Res. 2004;13:87–93
  45. Palm L, Persson E, Elmqvist D, Blennow G. Sleep and wakefulness in preadolescent children with deficits in attention, motor control and perception. Acta Paediatr. 1992;81:618–624
  46. Guilleminault C. Clinical features and evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea. In:  Kryger MH,  Roth T,  Dement WC editor. Principles and practice of sleep medicine. 1994;p. 667–677
  47. Coleman RM, Bliwise DL, Sajben N, Boomkamp A, de Bruyn LM, Dement WC. Daytime sleepiness in patients with periodic movements in sleep. Sleep. 1982;5:S191–S202
  48. Edinger JD, Fins AI, Sullivan RJ, Marsh GR, Dailey DS, Hope TV, et al. Sleep in the laboratory and sleep at home: comparisons of older insomniacs and normal sleepers. Sleep. 1997;20:1119–1126
  49. In:  Ferber R,  Kryger MH editor. Principles and practice of sleep medicine in the child. St Louis, MO: Saunders; 1995;
  50. Siegel JM. The REM sleep—memory consolidation hypothesis. Science. 2001;294:1058–1063
  51. Castellanos F. Toward a pathophysiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Clin Pediatr. 1997;36:381–393
  52. Ancoli-Israel S, Martin J, Jones DW, Caligiuri M, Patterson T, Harris MJ, et al. Sleep disordered breathing and periodic movements in sleep in older patients with schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry. 1999;45:1426–1432
  53. Biederman J, Spencer TJ. Genetics of childhood disorders: XIX. ADHD. Part 3. Is ADHD a noradrenergic disorder?. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000;39:1330–1333
  54. Barkley RA, McMurray MB, Edelbrock CS, Robbins K. Side-effects of methylphenidate in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic placebo controlled evaluation. Pediatrics. 1990;86:184–192
  55. Ahmann PA, Waltonen SJ, Olson KA, Theye FW, Van Erem AJ, Laplant RJ. Placebo-controlled evaluation of ritalin side effects. Pediatrics. 1993;91:1101–1106
  56. Kent JD, Blader JC, Koplewicz HS, Abikoff H, Foley CA. Effects of late-afternoon methylphenidate administration on behavior and sleep attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics. 1995;96:320–325
  57. Stein MA, Blondis TA, Schnitzer ER, O'brien T, Fishkin J, Blackwell B, et al. Methlyphenidate dosing: twice daily versus three times daily. Pediatrics. 1996;98:748–756
  58. Efron D, Jarman F, Barker M. Side effects of methylphenidate and dexamphetamine in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a double-blind, crossover trial. Pediatrics. 1997;100:662–666
  59. Pelham WE, Gnagy EM, Burrows-Maclean L, Williams A, Fabiano GA, Morrisey SM, et al. Once-a-day Concerta methylphenidate versus three-times-daily methylphenidate in laboratory and natural settings. Pediatrics. 2001;107:E105
  60. Day HD, Abmayr SD. Parent reports of sleep disturbances in stimulant-medicated children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Clin Psychol. 1998;54:701–716
  61. Ring A, Stein D, Barak Y, Teicher A, Hadjez J, Elizur A, et al. Sleep disturbances in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a comparative study with healthy siblings. J Learn Disabil. 1998;31:572–578
  62. Tirosh E, Sadeh A, Munvez R, Lavie P. Effects of methylphenidate on sleep in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: an activity monitor study. Am J DisABIL Child. 1993;147:1313–1315
  63. Chatoor I, Wells KC, Conners CK, Seidel WT, Shaw D. The effects of nocturnally administered stimulant medication on EEG sleep and behavior in hyperactive children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1983;22:337–342
  64. Weinberg WA, Harper CR. Vigilance and its disorders. Neurol Clin. 1993;11:59–78
  65. Ivanenko A, Crabtree VM, Gozal D. Sleep in children with psychiatric disorders. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2004;51:51–68

PII: S1087-0792(04)00058-9

doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2004.06.002

Sleep Medicine Reviews
Volume 8, Issue 5 , Pages 379-402 , October 2004